模型OpenAI、Anthropic 模型证伪长期存在的指数时间假设Danny Park2026年10月27日 UTC 08:302 分钟阅读要点速览OpenAI称其模型生成了一个证伪指数时间假设的证明,并在次日用Lean形式化。Anthropic称其Claude研究模型于10月16日发现了可求解3-SAT的确定性算法。Anthropic称该结果仅具渐近意义,未说明如何在实践中求解公式。OpenAI的证明正由该假设提出者及MIT的Ryan Williams领衔团队审查。若猜想被证伪,数百篇论文中的条件性计算难度结论将需重新评估。OpenAI 和 Anthropic 均发布了由 AI 驱动的研究结果,声称证伪了计算复杂性理论中的长期猜想——指数时间假设。10月26日,OpenAI 宣布其模型生成了一份证明,表明指数时间假设是错误的。该假设于21世纪初提出,断言 3-SAT 无法在亚指数时间内求解——这意味着,一些常见的逻辑谜题无法比穷举所有可能答案快得多地解决。由于该假设已被广泛接受,并被数百篇论文用于推导众多领域中的条件计算难度结果,证伪它将使其中相当一部分结果失效,并迫使研究人员重新评估算法、图论和计算生物学等领域问题的计算难度。这家 AI 公司表示,其模型于10月16日生成了这份自然语言证伪,并于次日将其在 Lean 数学证明助手中形式化;两项成果均已发布在一个公开的 GitHub 仓库中。OpenAI 表示,这项工作正由一个外部团队进行审查,该团队由加州大学圣迭戈分校的 Russell Impagliazzo 和 Ramamohan Paturi——该假设最初的两位提出者——以及 MIT 的 Ryan Williams 领衔。Williams 在 X 上表示,研究人员仍在弄清楚这一发现的实际影响。Williams 说:“按照目前的进展速度,我们有理由相信,未来12个月内可能会看到关于实际 SAT 求解的重大进展。也可能完全看不到类似进展。我确实不知道。”与此同时,Anthropic 也发布了一篇论文及 Lean 4 形式化证明,称某种确定性算法能够求解 3-SAT,而这将证伪指数时间假设。该公司表示,其内部 Claude 研究模型于10月16日发现了核心算法——这与 OpenAI 模型取得该发现的时间是同一天——整个过程使用了1400万输出 token,未获得人类输入。Anthropic 指出:“这一结果纯粹是渐近意义上的,并未说明如何在实践中求解公式。”与此同时,OpenAI 还公布了另外两项由 AI 生成的结果:调和分析中关于所有维度的局部平滑猜想的证明,以及某些量子场论存在性的数学严谨证明,其中包括量子色动力学和纯 Yang-Mills 理论。Frontier Model Releases per Month by LabFrontier Model Releases per Month by LabOpenAIGoogleAnthropicxAIMeta AINVIDIAZ.aiOtherAs of 2026-09-30, OpenAI records 1 models.3210Jan '23Jan '24Jan '25Sep '26{"f":[360,150,40,8],"s":[["OpenAI","#10a37f"],["Google","#4285f4"],["Anthropic","#d97757"],["xAI","#e11d48"],["Meta AI","#0866ff"],["NVIDIA","#76b900"],["Z.ai","#7c3aed"],["Other","#94a3b8"]],"p":[["2023-01-31T00:00:00.000Z","Jan '23",43.47,[[0,"0 models",128,null],[1,"0 models",128,null],[2,"0 models",128,null],[3,"0 models",128,null],[4,"0 models",128,null],[5,"0 models",128,null],[6,"0 models",128,null],[7,"0 models",128,null]],"0 models"],["2023-02-28T00:00:00.000Z","Feb '23",50.4,[[0,"0 models",128,null],[1,"0 models",128,null],[2,"0 models",128,null],[3,"0 models",128,null],[4,"0 models",128,null],[5,"0 models",128,null],[6,"0 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Google: 0 (Sep '26). Anthropic: 0 (Sep '26). xAI: 0 (Sep '26). Meta AI: 0 (Sep '26). NVIDIA: 0 (Sep '26). Z.ai: 0 (Sep '26). Other: 0 (Sep '26)SOURCE: Epoch AI — Frontier AI ModelsRANGEALLYTD12M3M1M报道中的实体OpenAIAnthropicClaude也提供其他语言版本相关新闻Moonshot AI 发布 Kimi K3.1 Pro,编程得分接近 Claude Opus 5.5Meta 携手 Apple 将巨型 Muse Spark Open AI 模型带到桌面电脑Tether推出AI语音识别模型,通过离线转录保护隐私关于我们The LatentThe Latent 是一家新闻媒体,致力于成为 AI 新闻、研究与数据领域的权威之声。订阅我们的简报商务合作关注 The Latent
Frontier Model Releases per Month by LabFrontier Model Releases per Month by LabOpenAIGoogleAnthropicxAIMeta AINVIDIAZ.aiOtherAs of 2026-09-30, OpenAI records 1 models.3210Jan '23Jan '24Jan '25Sep '26{"f":[360,150,40,8],"s":[["OpenAI","#10a37f"],["Google","#4285f4"],["Anthropic","#d97757"],["xAI","#e11d48"],["Meta AI","#0866ff"],["NVIDIA","#76b900"],["Z.ai","#7c3aed"],["Other","#94a3b8"]],"p":[["2023-01-31T00:00:00.000Z","Jan '23",43.47,[[0,"0 models",128,null],[1,"0 models",128,null],[2,"0 models",128,null],[3,"0 models",128,null],[4,"0 models",128,null],[5,"0 models",128,null],[6,"0 models",128,null],[7,"0 models",128,null]],"0 models"],["2023-02-28T00:00:00.000Z","Feb '23",50.4,[[0,"0 models",128,null],[1,"0 models",128,null],[2,"0 models",128,null],[3,"0 models",128,null],[4,"0 models",128,null],[5,"0 models",128,null],[6,"0 models",128,null],[7,"0 models",128,null]],"0 models"],["2023-03-31T00:00:00.000Z","Mar '23",57.33,[[0,"1 models",109,null],[1,"0 models",128,null],[2,"0 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Google: 0 (Sep '26). Anthropic: 0 (Sep '26). xAI: 0 (Sep '26). Meta AI: 0 (Sep '26). NVIDIA: 0 (Sep '26). Z.ai: 0 (Sep '26). Other: 0 (Sep '26)SOURCE: Epoch AI — Frontier AI ModelsRANGEALLYTD12M3M1M